ABSTRACT
Modernism and Enlightenment thinking permeated much of Western culture in the nineteenth century and challenged a number of central Christian doctrines and dogmas. Some Christians, as we saw in the last chapter, affirmed the rationalist assumptions of the day and sought to align their religious positions with them. These liberal theologians were challenged by two very different groups of Christians: the conservative fundamentalists on one side and the Neo-orthodox thinkers on the other. In this chapter and the next we explore each of these responses.
