ABSTRACT
The significance of the criticism of Liu Shaoqi in China's process of development, we suggested in the introduction to chapter 8, lay in the attempt to unite mass line and criticism and self-criticism into what we have termed mass criticism. This attempt, however, took place in a social context altogether different from the one in which the norms goveming these processes were first set forth and had quite different social ramifications. In this chapter, we analyze the "mass line" component of mass criticism; in the final chapter, we shall summarize the structural evolution of"criticism and self-criticism."
