ABSTRACT

There is no separate fuel cycle for fuels used in transportation or for electricity transmission. Transportation and electricity transmission are part of several fuel cycles for energy technologies described in previous chapters. The environmental, dollar, and national security costs of transportation of fuels and electric power transmission must be considered as additional to the costs of utilizing each energy fuel technology. That is, transportation and transmission costs are in addition to generation costs for each energy technology that involves conversion of a fuel to electricity and each fuel that requires transportation from its location of production to its location of end use. Transportation of energy fuels to the point of their end use adds dollar costs to the price of each fuel, compared to what it would be priced at for consumption at the point of production. Consumption of energy fuels near their point of origin would be less expensive.