ABSTRACT
Conicts with the Mesopotamian states persisted through the following and nal phase of Elam’s existence, known as the Neo-Elamite period (c. 1100-mid C6). For most of this period, Elam’s political and military involvement in the broader Near Eastern world was a relatively insignicant one, with occasional periods of renewed vigour and a nal brief resurgence of Elamite power in late C8 and early C7, during the reigns of Shutruk-Nahhunte II (c. 716-699) and his brother and successor Hallushu (c. 699-693). But c. 653, the Elamite king Te-Umman was killed during a campaign into his country by the Assyrian king Ashurbanipal, and eight years later, the Assyrians sacked the Elamite capital Susa, forcing the last known Elamite king Humbanhaltash III to ee for his life. He was subsequently captured by local tribesmen and handed over to Ashurbanipal. Later, Elam appears among the subject states of the Persian empire listed in the inscriptions of Darius I (522-486), which report several Elamite uprisings at the beginning of his reign. e rebellions were crushed, eectively sealing the end of Elam as a political entity.
