ABSTRACT
The Nazi Holocaust is undoubtedly one of the most brutal and horrifying traumatic events of this century. Millions were tortured and murdered; millions were exposed for many years to uncertainty, humiliation, terror, and starvation. All the survivors lost loved ones. The better part of them lost most of their family, and some lost all of it. They lived to see the Jewish communities where they had lived exterminated, their homes and property confiscated, their friends killed, and their way of life forever gone. Exposed to inconceivable evil, the survivors also lost much of themselves: their innocence; their faith in order, justice, and human morality; their ability to trust and confide in others and to form and maintain intimate relationships; and sometimes, too, the ability to feel and to love.
