ABSTRACT
Albania The best available general account is S. Pollo and A. Puto, History of Albania (1981). J. Swire, Albania: The Rise of a Kingdom (1929) covers the period 1878 to 1928 but the pioneering scholarly monograph remains S. Skendi, The Albanian National Awakening, 1878-1912 (1967). Armenia D. Marshall Lang, Armenia, Cradle of Civilisation (1982) provides a useful general introduction. Three outstanding specialist studies are F. Kazemzadeh, The Struggle fM Transcaucasia, 1917-1921 (1951), L. Nalbandian, The Armenian Revolutionary Movement: The Development of Armenian Political Parties through the Nineteenth Century (1963) and RG. Hovannisian, Armenia: The Road to Independence (1967). See also RG. Hovannisian (ed.), The Armenian Genocide: History, Politics, Ethics (1992). Austria Authoritative surveys of Austria over the nineteenth century include A].P. Taylor, The Habsburg Monarchy, 1809-1918: A History of the Austrian Empire and Austria-Hungary (1948), C.A. Macartney, The Habsburg Empire, 1790-1918 (1968), RA. Kann, A History of the Habsburg Empire, 1526-1918 (1974), AJ. May, The Habsburg Monarchy, 1867-1914 (1978), B. Jelavich, Modern Austria: Empire and Republic, 1800-1986 (1987) and, most recent, A. Sked, The Decline and Fall of the Habsburg Empire, 1815-1918 (1989).
