ABSTRACT
Though rarely available in English, the work of Peter Hartmann has been highly influential in the re-establishment of linguistics in Germany after World War II. Hartmann's 'deliberations' belong to 'second-order science' or 'metascience', 'the science of language science'. Hartmann dates the modern period of 'language science' proper from the late eighteenth century. He does conjecture that 'the units whereby language transcends the merely physical result from a logical capacity'. Significantly, Hartmann sees the levels as a 'visual representation' and 'imagistic interpretation', not as an 'explanation'. They are devised because 'the first real manifestations find in all languages are 'sounds' 'actually hear', and 'the sign vehicles' 'have no visible manifestation'. Hartmann distinguishes three types: the 'external correlate', a 'real thing'; the 'internal correlate, a meaning'; and the 'ideal correlate', a 'classification'. In this chapter Hartmann hails 'one genuine theoretical and methodological change' that was 'not dictated empirically'.
