ABSTRACT
When viewed at the national scale, transport systems illustrate many of the issues discussed in Chapters 2–4, especially in terms of changing markets and the ascendency of road over rail for both passengers and freight in advanced economies. In Russia and many of the eastern European states the recent liberalisation of transport policy and management is gradually bringing changes to road and rail infrastructures. Within the less developed world a continuing lack of finance severely hinders the implementation of much needed improvements in transport systems.
