ABSTRACT
In 1892, Briicke's “formidable blue eyes” were closed for ever. Meynert, the cerebral anatomist, who had been Freud's clinical teacher, died during the same year. I cannot regard it as a matter of chance that the first of Freud's joint publications with Breuer, the first indication that he had entered a new path, should have been published in 1893. Briicke and Meynert, Freud's scientific fathers, had both been champions of the organic view of disease; not until after their death could their “son ” openly revolt, not until then could he impulsively turn away from anatomy and physiology.
