ABSTRACT
A psychosocial model based on peer cluster theory and aimed at the prevention of deviant behaviors is presented. The fundamental theorem that underlies the model is that deviant attitudes and behaviors are psychosocial in origin, a product of the interaction of psychological, social and cultural characteristics. The model further postulates the following: (1) Adolescence is a critical time in the evolution of deviant behaviors. Prevention programs, therefore, should include a major focus on youth. (2) Deviant attitudes and behaviors are a product of socialization, of learning norms through social interactions. (3) The primary socialization forces in a youth’s life consist of the family, the school, and peer clusters. (4) The influence of secondary socialization forces, including the community, religion, the extended family, media, and peers in general, is less than and is usually mediated through the primary socialization links. (5) Any socialization link can transmit deviant norms, but healthy family and school systems are more likely to transmit non deviant norms. (6) Peer clusters can transmit either deviant or non deviant norms, but the major source for deviant norms is likely to be peer clusters. (7) Weak bonds between the child, the family, and/or the school increase the chances that the child will become a member of a deviant peer cluster. (8) Prevention programs to reduce deviant behaviors should reduce risk factors and increase resilience 314in order to promote strong bonds between the child, the family, the school, and peer clusters and should ensure that these bonds are utilized to communicate non deviant norms.
