ABSTRACT
Microgrids offer promising cost-effective solutions for the integration of renewable energy with reduced losses, lower transmission and distribution costs, higher energy efficiency, and a number of environmental and economic benefits. This chapter provides a detailed model and fuzzy logical formulations regarding the microgrid with the photovoltaic (PV) system and wind generator and the energy storage systems. To maintain the power balance, three switching operations are proposed. The chapter investigates the model formulations and switching operations for the microgrid with PV and wind and the energy storage systems. It considers a small-scale direct current (DC) power system, which consists of the solar PV power subsystem, the lead-acid battery and the DC load. In order to ensure the reliable and stable operations of the small-scale DC power system under different conditions, the power balance of supply and demand must be maintained under all operating conditions.
