ABSTRACT
River ice is a natural phenomenon, which could be commonly seen in the cold regions of the world. River ice phenomena include formation, evolution, transport, accumulation, dissipation, and deterioration of different kinds of ice. These phenomena include complicated mutual effect among river hydrodynamic and thermodynamic processes, which are under the influence of meteorological and hydrological conditions. Many rivers in the world are experiencing ice floods. According to the formation causes of ice flood, ice flood of rivers could be classified as ice jam flood, ice dam flood, and ice-snow melt flood. Ice jam flood is happening when a lot of frazil ices and crushed ices gather under the ice cover, which could lead to the increase of water level on the upper reach. The ice flood modelling is more complex comparing with the flood modelling triggered by rainstorm, which means the building of the ice flood modelling should take into account the thermal factor and coupling of hydrodynamics with thermodynamics.
