ABSTRACT
This chapter presents a general explanation about the general effects of Mexico's dual transition on specific sectors, actors, and institutions. It explores how the misplaced monopolies developed from Mexico's dual transitions, and how such configuration of the political and economic spheres led to the country's economic under-performance and encouraged the growth of social and political conflict and violence. The chapter also presents theoretical and empirical knowledge based on the 'violence and social orders' by highlighting refinements to this approach. It elaborates the main changes in the four factors of analysis that produced the misplaced monopolies in Mexico: the state, the political regime, the international economy, and the domestic economy. The main reforms have been to education, telecoms and media, taxation, the financial sector, and crucially, energy. The possibility of lower barriers to entry in core sectors of the economy for the long-term economic growth trajectory of the country should not be dismissed as simple public relations exercises.
