ABSTRACT
This chapter presents solid state hybrid additive manufacturing (AM) techniques, specifically ultrasonic additive manufacturing (UAM) including working principle, benefits and applications, such as embedding of electronic structures into metal matrices, fabrication of reinforced metal matrix composites and metallic laminates; and additive manufacturing using cold spraying; friction-based additive manufacturing. Hybrid AM (HAM) processes are basically the manufacturing methods which combine advantages of the cost saving domain of AM with the dimensional accuracy of computer numerical controlled machines. UAM utilizes high frequency ultrasonic vibrations to form a bond between thin sheets/foils to develop 3D solid objects. During the additive step, the joining of foils and their bonding follows the mechanism of ultrasonic welding. UAM offers suitability for a wide range of metallic materials for consolidation of similar as well as dissimilar materials. Despite several benefits of UAM, the shifting of UAM from laboratories to industrial applications is rare.
