ABSTRACT
The objective of this chapter is the accurate, compact, and convenient representation of the experimentally determined properties of electrolyte solutions. There is no difficulty in combining an association equilibrium for particular ions with an ion interaction treatment for all other species, as was illustrated for phosphoric and sulfuric acids and for carbonates. The chapter reviews the historical development of the ion interaction method. Theory should be used for the effect of the electrical charges in the dielectric of the solvent, while effects of short-range forces are described empirically. Although the complete theoretical analysis for electrolytes is considerably more complex than for imperfect gases, the same comparative features of interaction coefficients and association equilibrium methods are still valid. The simultaneous solution of several association equilibria with their effects on the ionic strength and the secondary effects on various activity coefficients becomes very burdensome.
