ABSTRACT
Mosquitoes of different species require water with particular qualities for their larval and pupal stages. These qualities include:
1. Persistence of the water body for a week or more so that development from egg to adult can be completed
2. A low or zero flow rate 3. Organic pollution level, high levels being favored by Culex quinquefasciatus, low
levels by other vector species 4. Access to the air surface for breathing (all vector genera except Mansonia) 5. Suitable vegetation, required by Mansonia for breathing and as a refuge from predators
by many species (shade is either required or detrimental to various mosquito species) 6. Salinity, fatal to most vectors except coastal species such as Anopheles melas and An.
