ABSTRACT
This chapter focuses on a series of advanced studies in connective tissue research as it pertains to the biomechanics of ligaments and tendons. It provides background information concerning the detailed methodology used to measure the biomechanical properties of ligaments and tendons. Biomechanical testing of ligaments and tendons has evolved into very complex methodologies. This often requires a considerable period of time for each individual test, and as such, freezing of the specimens becomes a necessity. Stress-strain curves were obtained to represent the mechanical properties of the ligament substance. The ligaments were stored with muscle and other periarticular connective tissues left in place rather than in the completely dissected state. The effects of age (maturation) on tendons, ligaments, and their insertions have been demonstrated. The effects of immobilization on soft connective tissue are profound, as exemplified by the many works showing significant deteriorations of cartilage, tendon and ligament morphology, biochemistry, and biomechanics.
