ABSTRACT
Immunological methods have been developed for the sensitive detection of damaged deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA). Highly specific antibodies have been generated to a number of altered DNA bases including carcinogen–DNA adducts as well as ultraviolet (UV)–damaged nucleosides. These antibodies have been utilized in highly sensitive assays to quantitate low levels of damaged DNA, providing information about the formation and repair of adducts. In addition, immunohistochemical studies have provided information on the distribution of adducts in specific cell types and localization in tissue sections. The development of sensitive and specific immunological assays for the detection and quantification of modified DNA has progressed rapidly. These assays compliment existing chemical and physical methods and provide a valuable tool for studying damaged DNA. With the development of poly and monoclonal antibodies to 8–methoxypsoralen (8–MOP)–modified DNA, it is possible to carry out similar types of studies on psoralen adducts.
