ABSTRACT
This chapter deals with the method which uses peripheral veins to infuse the total parenteral nutrition mixture. It presents details of catheter insertion and maintenance and techniques of infusion. Intravenous therapy exposes the patient to numerous hazards, many of which can be avoided if the nurse understands the risks and knows how to prevent their occurrence. Local complications occur most frequently while systemic complications are less frequent, though serious. Pyrogenic Reaction occurs when pyrogens are introduced into the bloodstream, producing a febrile reaction. Special precautions can reduce the incidence of pyrogenic reactions, such as the use of pyrogen-free solutions and protection of the solution from contamination. Peripheral Infusion system can be administered by gravity drip as safely and efficiently as any other peripheral intravenous system. The nurse must carefully monitor the infusion to ensure a constant rate of flow, preferably hourly.
