ABSTRACT
Asexual Reproduction — occurs in most phyla and most classes. No Asexual Reproduction — occurs in Acanthocephala, Rotifera, Gastrotricha, Kinorhyncha, Nematoda, Gordioidea, Priapuloidea, and Tardigrada, in all of which there is cutely. Basic Bisexual Reproduction — occurs in many groups, but not in any species which includes in its life cycle "any" of the following: Autogamy, Hologamy, or Apomixis or Asexual Reproduction of any sort. It seems to be the only method in Gnathostomuloidea, Acanthocephala, Seisonidea, Kinorhyncha, Priapuloidea, Gordioidea, Brachiopoda, Scaphopoda, Cephalopoda, Echiuroidea, Myzostomida, Eutardigrada, Pentastomida, Onychophora, Merostomata, Pycnogonida, Pauropoda, Diplopoda, Chilopoda, Pogonophora, Crinoidea, Enteropheusta, Chondrichthyes, and Aves. Bisexual Reproduction is absent in many individuals and in widely scattered species (i.e., some Hydrozoa, some Rhynchocoela, some Polychaeta, and some Oligochaeta). It is entirely absent from all species in the Chrysomonadina (Protozoa), the Bdelloidea (Rotifera), and the Chaetonotoidea (Gastrotricha).
