ABSTRACT
The ovary has a complex structure, composed of various different tissues, including epithelial cells, germinal cells, fibroconnective tissue, and follicular cells. Ultrasonographic diagnosis of the functional findings of the ovary is done using IOTA terminology regarding size, ultrasonographic structural characteristics, and vascularization. Follicle persistence happens when the follicle does not rupture and continues growing past 30 mm. Diagnosis requires serial ultrasound examinations and hormonal measurements. The ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome may occur in women receiving gonadotropins, or less frequently clomiphene citrate, to induce ovulation during assisted reproduction treatment. This exaggerated ovarian response may give rise to serious complications such as thromboembolic phenomena, kidney failure, liver dysfunction, or bleeding due to a ruptured ovary.
