ABSTRACT
This chapter focuses on the explicit and implicit technologicalpolicies sustained by the Venezuelan government as a basis for the process of technological transformation. It discusses the industrial sector in order to try to understand the technological changes that took place in the country and to analyze the impact of this process on the scientific and technological sector as well as on society as a whole. The transformation process in Latin American countries has taken place at a time when international trade is highly monopolized. The abovementioned data prove the determination of the government in 1958 to permit the access of the industrial sector to the petro-dollars as a way of supporting and accelerating the substitution of imports and its impact on society. To conclude, it could be said that in Venezuela neither the financial policy nor the fiscal policy or the so called exportation stimuli have focused on changing the technological behaviour of the industrial sector.
