ABSTRACT
"Learning" is a term that refers to a change in the state of a system such that adaptation has taken place and new "knowledge" has been acquired. Learning depends upon memory in that "learning" leads to "having learned", and this implies memory. The author thinks learning as adaptive behaviour based upon perception and memory, and often involving "insight". The notion of learning models and systems is to be interpreted in the same broad fashion as we have associated with the whole range of cognitive activities. If the aim is optimal learning, then the computer will record and use both its own and its opponent's moves. The author extends both heuristic and algorithmic programs to include the programming of natural language, logic and other cognitive activities such as concept formation, perception, pattern recognition, thinking and problem solving. Thinking, of course, has inevitably involved language and the author sees clearly the interrelationship of all their cognitive activities.
