ABSTRACT

There has been significant progress since 2015, when the Paris Agreement on Climate Change was adopted. Consistent with the goals of the Agreement, many coal-fired plants have been retired, as the costs of electricity from solar photovoltaic systems and wind power have decreased to being less expensive than electricity from coal. Most of the new electricity-generating capacity that is being developed and put into service is from renewable wind and solar systems. There is still far to go, however. Trillions of dollars can be saved by reducing greenhouse gas emissions and reaching the state where carbon dioxide concentrations in the atmosphere are no longer increasing. There are also many benefits associated with the transition to zero carbon emissions and steady state concentrations of greenhouse gases. Advances in science and technology that reduce the costs of electric vehicles and battery storage contribute to reaching the goals of the Paris Agreement on Climate Change.