ABSTRACT
Being modern is explored. Chinese modernisation is defined, and modernity and modernisation of childbirth are explored in this chapter. This exploration is assisted by discussion of modernisation theory applied to various settings, and its political aspects, leading to the changing meanings of normal birth. The introduction of obstetric delivery, and its implications, is addressed. The background to the medicalisation of childbirth in the West and in China is outlined; the effects on women’s experiences and midwives practice are discussed.
This brings the reader to midwifery developments in modern China, encompassing the ‘four modernisations’, through which the country reacted to the Great Cultural Revolution (1966–1976). Widespread recognition of the problems associated with medicalisation has led to the creation and better understanding of the midwifery model. The construction of normal birth, and the possibility of the inter-professional rivalries which may ensue, are scrutinised.
