ABSTRACT
The programme must be a dynamic tool which addresses all aspects of the service including information and other requirements, and the procurement process and lead in times for subcontractors and suppliers in addition to the service operations. The terms 'planning' and 'programming' are synonymous; however, they are a little different. Planning is a vital element in any business process, without which it is impossible to envisage the successful conclusion of any activity. The Elemental Trend Analysis, as with many programming methods, originated from the manufacturing industry and is used where there is repetition of service either in number of units such as housing, or in repetitive floors in constructing or refurbishing multistorey buildings. Project network techniques comprise a number of methods but all are related to the dependency and precedence of one activity over another. A project network illustrates the relationships between activities in the project, showing the activities either on arrows or nodes.
