ABSTRACT
There may be some causal connection, but until history has been ransacked and political and economic motives severely cross-examined, the particular causal relationship remains dim. The Statistical measure of association and correlation when combined with some test of its reliability, merely gives exact expression to one ground for supposing some causal relationship. The argument for accepting a measure of correlation between variables as some ground for supposing causal relationship is expressed in J. S. Mill's Canon of Concomitant Variations. The cautionary words in Mill's Canon are equivalent to saying that we must be sure that some degree of association or correlation could not be established between the occurrence of heavy colds and conditions other than that of taking cold baths. This chapter emphasizes ways and means of navigating closer to the probable causal relationship will apply chiefly to issues of Statistical association or correlation of two or more characters.
