ABSTRACT
As Pope Clement VII, he witnessed the devastation and foreign domination of his homeland, as well as the departure of England from the Catholic Church. Clement VII also considered the interests of his family when he decided to ally with France. Clement VII trusted the armies of the League of Cognac to protect him from the Spanish threat. His calculation proved fatal, however, as Spanish armies, fortified now with Germans and even some Italian allies, moved down the peninsula with little opposition. Moctezuma II, an Aztec prince, had proven himself to be an effective ruler over the Mexican Empire. Moctezuma II ruled as the ninth emperor of Mexico when Europeans first arrived on the continent of North America. Under his rule, the boundaries of the Mexican, or Aztec, Empire expanded to their greatest extent. Moctezuma sent imperial ambassadors to meet the Spaniards docked on the coast of Mexico.
