ABSTRACT
This chapter examines the role of non-governmental organizations (NGOs) in the introduction of two Rwandan institutions: Ubudehe and Gacaca. Both institutions are being developed from a combination of traditional and new practices. Ubudehe is a local government institution designed to encourage community co-operation and solidarity through participatory planning and implementation of activities for poverty reduction. Gacaca is a traditional conflict resolution mechanism, adapted to try those accused of genocide crimes. The institutions represent two distinct paths through which the Rwandan government is working towards reconciliation. Traditional 'Ubudehe' in Rwanda was a custom by which the strong laboured for the weak at peak agricultural periods. The literal meaning of the word is 'working together to solve problems'. Many different types of NGOs have been engaged in building the institution of Inkiko Gacaca. NGOs in Rwanda are engaging at central and local government levels and with local communities.
