ABSTRACT
This chapter considers that what has become an expanded role of the United Nations, generally post-conflict, in the political and economic reconstruction of war-torn regions. This is an issue of relevance to the interventions in both Afghanistan and Iraq. Before September 11 and the ensuing military conflict in Afghanistan, a Special Mission to Afghanistan was established under General Assembly Resolution 48/208 of 21 December 1993. The Bonn Agreement set out various objectives, primarily to establish an Afghan Interim Authority (AIA) as a first step toward the setting up of a fully representative government in accordance with the principles of Islam, democracy, pluralism and social justice. An Implementation Group was established, to be chaired by AIA, with vice-chairs, including representatives of the World Bank and the United Nations Development Programme. In contrast to Resolution 1388, Resolution 1390 saw the Security Council issue further economic sanctions against the Taliban and al-Qaida.
