ABSTRACT
Philadelphia was the first large city in the U. S. to establish a public water supply system; the city sank its first some public wells in 1682, and by 1744 had an excellent water system. Cast iron soon became the predominant material for water supply mains with reinforced concrete being used for large-diameter pipes. A water filtering and treatment plant is usually required between the source of water supply and the water distribution system, a filtering system is used to filter out sediments and other solid materials. The chlorination of water was first undertaken in the U. S. in 1908 in Jersey City as a means of making a water supply that had been tainted with sewage safe to drink. The demand for industrial water also shows great variation from place to place and from industry to industry. A water pressure of about 50 pounds per square inch is usually required in the water system adjacent to each urban use.
