ABSTRACT
Once industrialisation got under way in countries the state was called upon, indeed even expected, to play its part in promoting change. The industrialisation in Europe and elsewhere in the second half of the nineteenth century was associated with a growing sense of nationalism. Economically, this nationalism manifested itself in an increased desire for industrial development, and it was this desire and the competition engendered by successful industrialisation that was responsible for the growing demand for protection. Common school education for more and more children and technical education for advanced students help to account to a large extent for the rapid rate of industrialisation that occurred in the United States after 1865. It can be said that state participation in the industrialisation process of the nineteenth century varied in degree and intensity from one country to another and from one time period to another within each country.
