ABSTRACT
This chapter focuses on the organisation of the existing and newly created medical services in both the Republican and Insurgent Zones in response to a bloody conflict that from the very start placed severe strain on existing medical services. The emphasis is predominantly on care of the wounded combatant, but with the line increasingly blurred between what constituted the front and the rear-guard during the Spanish Civil War, medical care of the wider population is also considered. The chapter demonstrates that the main differences in the provision of medical care to the wounded in the opposing zones were more at an ideological and organisational level rather than in the actual medical care delivered. However, it also demonstrates that the real differences that did exist can in part be attributed to the influence of anarchist thinking on the democratisation of medicine.
