ABSTRACT
Tuberculosis (TB) is a highly prevalent global disease resulting in a heavy economic, social, and human burden. This chapter describes a comprehensive analysis of the progress in nanodelivery systems for the pulmonary delivery of anti-TB drugs. The lung is the ideal site of anti-TB drug delivery and an important route of access in case of pulmonary TB. Pulmonary drug delivery offers advantages over both oral and parenteral routes of administration. In humans, the most clinical presentation is pulmonary TB, in which transmission occurs via inhalation of aerosol droplets released from an infected individual, typically through coughing, sneezing, spitting, or speaking. Advances in vaccine development have offered promising perspectives to explore immunotherapy as a treatment option for multi-drug-resistant and extensively drug resistant TB. The chapter reviews research using different types of nanoparticles (NPs) for the pulmonary delivery of anti-TB drugs. The commonly used nanocarriers to achieve the pulmonary delivery of anti-TB drugs are polymer-based NPs and also lipid- based NPs.
