ABSTRACT
The psychological and social consequences of the scenario of immigration from the United States is described by Ann Kimmage in her autobiography, An Un-American Childhood. Appalled by their children's rush to assimilate to American culture, many immigrant groups have established summer camps to teach traditional languages and culture. Cha Shou's and Chai Soua's immigrant experience is in sharp contrast to the well-educated Sikhs who have been successful in business and professional careers. Three out of four Hmong entering the United States in 1975 were illiterate in their own language, and the average education was two years of schooling. Only a small fraction, 0.9%, of the immigrant population could speak or write in English. Typical of the employment patterns of Hmong immigrants, Cha Shou worked as a pizza delivery driver at the time he was gunned down. The Hmong experience highlights the problem of language and education among immigrants from Asia.
