ABSTRACT
Described in this chapter are the five major U.S. policies on control of hazardous chemical substances in the general environment, as well as corresponding EU policies. While other chapters have discussed chemical pollutants in air, water, food, and waste, this chapter deals with policies that are specific to hazardous substances found in community settings. Three U.S. policies specific to control of toxic substances are discussed: Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, Rodenticide Act of 1947, Toxic Substances Control Act of 1976, and the Lautenberg Chemical Safety Act for the 21st Century Act of 2016, along with policies of the EU and the World Health Organization. Associations between hazardous substances and effects on human and ecosystem health are presented. Special attention is given to the health effects of endocrine disruptors and obesogents and effects of hazardous substances on children’s health. Description is also given to the mission and programs of the National Toxicology Program and the Chemical Safety Board.
