ABSTRACT
Welding is one of the most commonly used fabrication techniques. The plastic flow of the material occurs as the tool covers the welding regime. The Friction stir welding (FSW) process consists of the following three different steps: plunge and dwell, traverse, and retract. Despite being a solid-state welding process, FSW exhibits several advantages and limitations over its conventional fusion counterparts. FSW is a modern-day joining process, which avoids the use of filler material and joins the material below solidus temperature. In A-FSW of dissimilar, the additional heat input source is placed with an offset with the bonding line toward the harder material. In the stationary shoulder friction stir Welding process, a rotating pin located inside a stationary shoulder, which slides over the material surface, carries out the welding process. The ability of a polycrystalline material to exhibit, in a generally isotropic manner, very high elongation prior to failure is termed as superplasticity.
