ABSTRACT
Nuclear waste is a by-product of radioactive materials used in nuclear reactors, fuel processing plants, hospitals and research facilities. Safe and environmentally sound management of nuclear waste remains a great concern for the international community. Nuclear waste is generated as spent fuel, mainly from nuclear reactor operations. Given the risk factor involved, nuclear waste management is always a sensitive issue, regulated by special rules, which are different from the hazardous waste management regime. Proper nuclear waste disposal and management are essential for the protection of public health and safety and of the environment, and to keep the exposure well below the permissible limits. Radioactive waste is also generated while decommissioning and dismantling nuclear reactors and other nuclear facilities.
