ABSTRACT
Project capital costs can be divided into two broad categories construction costs and other project-related capital costs, which are also known as “indirect capital costs” or “soft project costs”. Site-related construction costs include expenditures for land acquisition and for site preparation for construction, as well as costs for construction of access roads to the desalination plant and to all buildings, facilities, and equipment within the desalination plant. The cost of land, the expenditures for site clearing, soil contamination mitigation, and dewatering, as well as the cost and length of access roads, is very site specific and could vary significantly from one location to another. The intake construction costs include expenditures for plant saline water intake structures and pipeline, intake pump station, and associated coarse and fine screening facilities. The most common concentrate management method for seawater reverse osmosis plants is co-disposal with cooling water from nearby power plant or effluent from wastewater treatment plant, onshore discharge.
