ABSTRACT
SHOp stands for the three ways teachers adjust instruction to respond to perceived learner needs: Structures, Help, and Options. This chapter reviews the structures and Help. Deciding to offer help is a natural reflex for teachers and a complex decision. Teachers want to extend a helping hand to support students in their learning. The goal of the teacher's approach for individualized help is for students to use practice and help resources systematically to achieve their own goals. Task analysis has benefits for both students and teachers. For students, the list creates a visible pathway of small attainable tasks that they can work on to accomplish the broader goal. Specific Help resources are most effective when the teacher uses a systematic teaching approach. There are two teaching approaches used in the Specific Resource Help Tier: fading and building independence. The chapter provides the differences between the supports, scaffolds, and extensions, and the two approaches to teaching specific help resources.
