ABSTRACT
The manager has to prepare and issue plans for the work, to set up standards of performance, to give decisions and issue instructions, and to supervise performance and results. The policies and antics of some of the managerial leaders do little to command respect or loyalty from their staff. In both the USA and Britain many university students are prejudiced against a business career. Marks and Spencer managers are to be found in comparable companies. Local government ‘professionals’ and teachers move round as part of their normal career. The single, total element of management is performed by a large number of different people with the result that the actions of even the senior managers will be circumscribed and limited. Division of labour occurs in management as on the factory floor and the work and the functions are spread over many different people at higher and lower levels.
