ABSTRACT
This chapter looks at how speakers combine two or more languages and proposes mixed grammatical phrases and discourses. It shows that the language choices the bilingual makes, whether intentional or unintentional, can be meaningful. The chapter examines the attitudes of monolinguals and bilinguals toward codeswitching. Using multiple-language discourse, it explains choosing between languages, and the social and grammatical rules that guide switches and choices. Codeswitching, especially when intentional, is a discourse tool with many functions. The overall takeaway is that codeswitching has become a recognizable, meaningful language choice and mixed-language discourse as a hybrid language variety may be intentionally used to underscore and challenge prevailing social power dynamics and imbalances. Translanguaging theory is another approach to multilingualism. The chapter explores how and why bilinguals may at times combine their two languages, intentionally or unintentionally, when speaking or writing, to produce grammatical discourse.
