ABSTRACT
Chapter 2 analyzes the science behind the net zero concept. Four key net zero definitions from Chapter 1—net zero site, net zero source, net zero cost, and net zero emissions—are explained and evaluated in an international context using four model buildings located in the United States, Germany, Hong Kong, and the Netherlands. In all four definitions, the current focus of net zero building is largely on the operating energy. While significant efforts have been devoted to increasing the energy efficiency of buildings in operation (i.e., reducing energy consumed by heating, lighting, ventilation, and appliances), the focus has not yet been extended to reducing embodied energy in the building sector. This essential information for determining a balance between operating energy consumption and embodied energy consumption will establish a base for further examination in Chapters 3 and 4. Additionally, Chapter 2 shifts the conversation from technological readiness for net zero building to the dichotomy between anticipated positive influences and several unintended consequences of net zero practices worldwide.
