ABSTRACT
1-dimensional (1-D) metal oxide nanostructures have unique properties of high electro conductivity, good biocompatibility, cheap and ease of synthesis, which have made them excellent nanomaterials for electrode modification in electrochemical sensor applications. The compatibility of the 1-dimensional metal oxide nanostructures for device miniaturization alongside improved performance of sensors make these nanostructures suitable candidates to be explored. In this chapter, properties and the fabrication strategies for different types of 1-dimensional metal oxide nanostructures, which are nanorods, nanowires and nanotubes of ZnO, MnO, TiO2, WO3 and SnO2 for electrochemical sensors application, are discussed. This chapter focuses mainly on the mechanism and the development of two types of electrochemical sensors: biosensor and environmental sensor. A few types of biosensors are discussed: glucose, hydrogen peroxide, urea and cholesterol sensors. Environmental sensors—liquid sensors and gas sensors—are discussed. A brief introduction on the basic principles of sensors and electrochemical sensors is presented. Finally, the current status and future prospects are outlined for 1-D nanostructured metal oxide in sensors development.
