ABSTRACT
This chapter provides Pakistan profiles which includes key information about the relevant corporate sustainability and responsibility (CSR) history, country-specific issues, trends, research, education and leading organizations. Most cultures within Pakistan are founded upon hospitality and sharing material blessings, including money. There is a general lack of accountability and transparency permeating all levels in Pakistani society. Pakistanis confront terrorism in their daily lives—not only from within their own borders but also the effects of terrorism in neighbouring countries. According to the Ministry of Finance's conservative estimate, the war on terror within Pakistan has cost Pakistan USD35 billion since 2001–2002. The Pakistan Institute of Labour, Education and Research identifies several sectors where 'forced' labour is common in Pakistan. Environmental issues in Pakistan include water pollution from raw sewage, industrial waste and agricultural runoff; limited natural fresh water resources; poor access to potable water; deforestation; soil erosion; and water logging, salinity and desertification.
