ABSTRACT

Ideally, from an economic perspective all environmental interventions should be expressed in the same monetary units of measurement and should be included in management and financial accounting and reporting systems. However, as already shown, conventional accounting is inadequate because it has not been able to measure all environmental interventions with use of a common metric: money. Insufficient internal­ isation of environmental impacts is not a 'fault' of conventional accounting because external events (e.g. pollution of downstream stakeholders) are simply not taken into account unless :

0 The regulatory 'mix' of instruments sets about to design such an outcome (e .g . economic incentives are used to achieve environmental policies) .