ABSTRACT
Effective decision making and implementation require the following main steps: Use a multi-stakeholder approach to assess roles and responsibilities, analyse the expected impacts across sectors and actors and define the strategy/policy and action plan. The stakeholders range from those with technical to political profiles to those with expertise in different fields. The expected impacts of the strategy and related interventions should be simultaneously evaluated across a variety of indicators. The strategy's success over the medium to longer term is largely determined by the way social, economic and environmental factors are supported with solid and coherent information, and the way they interact with each other in the causal loop diagram and simulation model. Systemic approach considers: The strategy/policy context, the projected scenarios and the complex structure of the analysed system. The key causes of the problem, as well as its main impacts, have to be evaluated from systemic perspective to identify the key entry points for action and the possible synergies.
