ABSTRACT

The management is increasingly becoming the agent of social innovation. The research lab as we now know it dates back to 1905. It was conceived and built for the General Electric Company in Schenectady, New York, by one of the earliest 'research managers', the German-American physicist Charles Proteus Steinmetz. In fewer than twenty years, the financial systems of the world have changed more perhaps than in the preceding two hundred. The change agents were two social innovations: the Eurodollar and the use of commercial paper as a new form of 'commercial loan'. Surely no discovery or invention of this century has had greater impact than the social innovation of mass and mass movement. The single, most important economic event of this century is surely the almost exponential rise in farm production and farm productivity worldwide. Management and organization have become global rather than Western or capitalist.