ABSTRACT

Hungary, it might be said, has had a 20th-century habit of ending up on the wrong side of history. The Empire was also one of the Central Powers in World War I, and when the War ended, the Empire was dissolved. Austria and Hungary were henceforth separate nations. The Russian Army drove most of the German occupying force out of Hungary by September 1944 and occupied Hungary until the War's end in April 1945. The image of Soviet tanks rumbling through the streets of Budapest is an iconic cultural symbol of the 1956 uprising. The retreating German army caused massive destruction as they went, mostly in Budapest, where all the Danube bridges were blown up to slow the Russian advance. Communism collapsed in Hungary in 1989, a few years before the complete collapse of the Soviet Union. In the West, family farming has given way to corporate agriculture and "factory farming.".