ABSTRACT
The united front gave the Comintern trouble on both sides of the Atlantic. The European Communists greeted the new line with outraged innocence. They were appalled at the idea of denouncing their enemies in the labor movement as traitors one day and making overtures to them the next. The great majority of the French Communist party at first refused to have anything to do with the united front. In Germany, Italy, Norway, and elsewhere, a large portion of the movement also rebelled. The Communists began to take a more active interest in the growing Farmer-Labor party movement. This interest was stimulated more by what had happened in Moscow than by what had been happening in the United States. The Comintern's Fourth Congress opened in Moscow on November 5, 1922, and lasted a month.
